Christopher I . Beckwith : Empires of the Silk Road is

The Role of Iranian Culture and Brocade (Zarbaft) in Nomenclature of the Silk Road

The term "Silk Road" was first used in 1876 AD (1292 AH. / 1254 ASH.) by a German geographer and tourist during his travel to China. Richthofen chose this name for the vast network of roads connecting Asia and Europe, from the China Sea to Central and Western Asia, especially the Iranian plateau, and Anatolia to the Mediterranean coast. This nomenclature was influenced by several circumstances ...

9 Oscillatory dynamics of city - size distributions in world historical systems 1

(proof corrections; variables not italicized) Globalization, world-system, and historical dynamic theory offer complementary perspectives for the study of city systems as the politico-economic engine of interstate networks. Here we combine these perspectives to examine a dy-namical perspective on systems of cities. Globalization theory applied to Eurasia in the last millennium (e.g. Modelski an...

Central Asia’s Rail Network and the Eurasian Land Bridge

There have been trade routes between Asia and Europe since the dawn of human history, culminating in the famous Silk Road that ran a magnificent 15,000 km between Xi’an in China and the Roman Empire. It carried many commodities such as silks, gems, gold, silver, carpets, glass, turquoise, paper, spices, etc., from ancient times in both directions between Asia and Europe. In addition to trade, t...

Comparative Study of Chinese and American Music Diplomacy after 9/11

Recently the role of music in international policy has been increased. In this article the role of norms and ideas is indispensable, Hence we have employed Constructivism as the conceptual framework, thereafter we would be investigating on Music Diplomacy of the US and China comparatively pursuant to Silk Road Strategies after 9/11. The main question of this Article is how the USA and China hav...

Two Reconstructions of Mark